The Gainswave Treatment near Seabrook Island SC shelter chamber must survive an explosion overpressure of at least 5 psi. A shelter chamber designed for this pressure could provide shelter for a miner. An underwater explosion (also known as UNDEX) is a chemical or nuclear explosion that occurs under the surface of a body of water. While useful in anti-ship and submarine warfare, submarine bombs are not as effective against coastal installations. The base surge rose from the surface and merged with other products of the explosion, to form clouds that produced moderate to heavy rains for almost an hour.
The drastic energy loss of 60% between oscillation cycles is due in part to the extreme force of a nuclear explosion that pushes the bubble wall out supersonically (faster than the speed of sound in salt water). This is the case of explosions at a depth greater than about 610 m (2000 ft), within the parameters of historical test results. An example of a deep underwater explosion is the Wahoo test, which was carried out in 1958 as part of Operation Hardtack I. About six seconds after detonation, all that's left of a large, deep nuclear explosion is a column of hot water that rises and cools in an almost icy ocean.
Shallow underwater explosions are those in which the crater formed on the surface of the water is large compared to the depth of the explosion.